Publish Time: 2022-08-05 Origin: Site
Chickpea is a species of chickpea in Leguminosae. Annual grass or perennial climbing herb. It is 1-2 meters high, with upright stems, many branches, and white glandular hairs. Stipules are leafy, or with 3-5 irregular serrations or sparse serrations at the lower edge. Flowers are solitary or twin in leaf axils, and the pedicel is 0.5-2.5 cm long. Pods ovoid, swollen, with 1-4 seeds. The seeds are white pubescent. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is from August to September.
It is distributed in Mediterranean, Asia, Africa, America and other places. It is introduced and cultivated in Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Taiwan, Inner Mongolia and other places in China. It grows at an altitude of about 2000-2700 meters.
Chickpea has complete nutrients and high content. The kernel contains 23.0% protein, 63.5% carbohydrate and 5.3% fat. In addition, it is also rich in edible fiber, trace elements and vitamins. Chickpea can be ground into mixed powder with wheat for main consumption, which can improve the nutritional value of food without destroying its flavor and physical structure. Chickpea powder and milk powder are made into soybean milk powder. The seeds can be used for bean paste, boiled beans, fried beans, or canned food. The green and tender beans and leaves of chickpea can be used as vegetables.
Annual grass or perennial climbing herb. It is 1-2 meters high, with upright stems, many branches, and white glandular hairs. Stipules are leafy, or with 3-5 irregular serrations or sparse serrations at the lower edge; The leaves have 7-17 leaflets, opposite or alternate, narrowly elliptic, 7-17 mm long and 3-10 mm wide, with densely serrated edges and white glandular hairs on both sides.
The flowers are solitary or twin in leaf axils, the pedicel is 0.5-2.5 cm long, the Corolla is white or light blue, purplish red, 8-10 mm long, and has glandular hairs; Calyx shallowly campanulate, 5-lobed, lobes lanceolate, about 6-9 mm long, covered with white glandular hairs. The pod is ovoid, swollen, drooping, about 2 cm long and 1 cm wide. It is green when young, pale yellow after maturity, covered with white pubescence and glandular hair, and has 1-4 seeds. The seeds are white pubescent, black or brown, wrinkled, and one end is pointed. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is from August to September.
It grows at an altitude of about 2000-2700 meters. [1] the soil requirements are not strict. It can grow from sandy soil, sandy loam to heavy loam. But it grows best on light loam with good drainage and loose texture. Its suitable pH value is 5.5.-8.6, and the most suitable temperature is 23-29 ℃ during the day and 15-21 ℃ at night. The effective accumulated temperature of chickpea from seedling emergence to flowering is 750-800 ℃, and the effective accumulated temperature of chickpea from seedling emergence to maturity is 1900-2800 ℃. Chickpea has strong drought resistance and drought tolerance, and can grow in areas with annual rainfall of 280-1500 mm. But under the condition of too much rain and poor drainage, the plant grows poorly.
Chickpea originated in Western Asia, the Mediterranean coast and Ethiopia, and is distributed in the Mediterranean, Asia, Africa, America and other places. India, Turkey, Pakistan, Myanmar, Mexico, Ethiopia, Spain, Iran, Morocco and Bangladesh have been introduced and cultivated. It is introduced and cultivated in Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Taiwan, Inner Mongolia and other places in China.
Edible: Chickpea starch has chestnut flavor, which can be ground into mixed powder with wheat for main consumption. Chickpea powder and milk powder are made into soybean milk powder, which is easy to digest and absorb. It is a good food for infants and the elderly. Chickpea flour can be used to make all kinds of snacks and unique salad sauce. Chickpea seeds can be made into bean paste, boiled beans, fried beans or fried beans, and can also be made into canned food. Green and tender beans and leaves can also be used as vegetables.
Feed: small chickpea seeds are also good protein feed. After grinding, they are the concentrate for feeding mules and horses. Stems and leaves are good forage for cattle.
Economy: Chickpea starch is the superior material for sizing and polishing cotton, wool and silk textile raw materials and the adhesive in industry. Indigo dye can be extracted from leaves.
Medicine: Chickpea has good medicinal value. Its main functions are tonifying the middle and replenishing qi, warming the kidney and strengthening yang, relieving thirst, detoxifying facial toxins, moistening the lungs and relieving cough. The seeds can be used to prevent and treat gall disease and diabetes, treat insomnia and prevent skin diseases, and can also be used as diuretics and emulsifying agents. The gland secretions on stems, leaves and pods have a good effect on bronchitis, mucositis, cholera, constipation, dysentery, dyspepsia, flatulence, snakebite, heatstroke and other diseases, and can also reduce the cholesterol content in the blood.